Gambling is the wagering of something of value, such as money, goods or services, on an event that has the potential to produce a prize win. It is not necessarily restricted to games of chance but can also include activities such as sports, horse racing and lotteries. While most people gamble responsibly, others develop a gambling addiction that is dangerous to their health and well-being. In some cases, this can lead to financial ruin and even personal tragedy. It is estimated that as many as 20 million Americans are affected by a gambling problem.
Although it is often thought of as a leisure activity, gambling is a serious social and economic issue that can have devastating effects on individuals, families and entire communities. The societal costs associated with gambling have been a focus of much research, with the hope that the information gathered will lead to effective prevention and treatment strategies.
In the past, psychiatry has not considered pathological gambling to be an impulse control disorder, but in the 1980s, the APA moved it into that category as part of a larger group of related conditions, including kleptomania and trichotillomania (hair pulling). Research on this disorder continues today.
While most people gamble recreationally, a small subset of individuals develop an impulsive-control disorder that results in serious problems with their family, work and social life. In addition to the financial difficulties it causes, this disorder can also interfere with emotional well-being, creating a vicious cycle of guilt and shame that can be difficult to break.
People with a gambling problem tend to be more likely to experience mood disorders like depression, anxiety and stress, which can both trigger and make worse the compulsive behavior. Therefore, it is important to treat any underlying mood disorders in order to help reduce the risk of gambling disorder.
A major challenge for those with a gambling problem is realizing that they have a disorder. Then, they must seek help. Treatment options include psychotherapy, which is a type of talk therapy that can teach you healthy ways to cope with negative feelings and replace unhealthy behaviors. It can also help you learn to recognize triggers and avoid situations where you might gamble. In addition to psychotherapy, there are some medications that can help, but these are only available through a doctor’s prescription.
Other helpful tools for managing a gambling disorder are setting money and time limits and not hiding evidence of your gambling. You may also benefit from attending support groups for people with gambling disorders, such as Gamblers Anonymous. Family therapy is another option; it can help you educate your loved ones about the disorder and create a stable home environment. Additionally, physical activity has been shown to be effective in reducing cravings. If you are struggling with a gambling disorder, it is important to seek help as soon as possible to prevent further harm.